Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters

Financial IMPACTS OF NATURAL DISASTERS ABSTRACT: Disasters of both characteristic and mechanical starting point considerably affect networks. The impacts of debacles in India are essentially diminished by settled counter calamity plans at all three degrees of government. These courses of action contain far reaching plans of avoidance, readiness, reaction and recuperation and in later occasions, of alleviation. The financial impacts of debacles can be wrecking and widespread.When fiascos strike houses, organizations and network framework get harmed or annihilated and people’s employments are incidentally and now and then forever upset. Physical harm is the most obvious monetary effect of catastrophes. Significant catastrophic events can and do have serious negative short-run monetary effects. Fiascos additionally seem to have antagonistic longer-term ramifications for financial development, advancement and destitution decrease. In any case, negative effects are not inescapable. Weakness is moving rapidly, particularly in nations encountering monetary change †quick development, urbanization and related specialized and social changes.In the Caribbean and Bangladesh there is proof of both declining affectability to typhoons and floods and expanded versatility coming about because of both financial change and open activities for catastrophe decrease. The biggest centralization of high hazard nations, progressively helpless against climatic risks, is in Sub-Saharan Africa. Dangers radiating from geophysical perils should be better perceived in exceptionally uncovered urban regions over the world on the grounds that their potential expenses are rising exponentially with financial development.Natural catastrophes cause huge budgetary weights, with both barely monetary momentary effects and more extensive long haul improvement suggestions. Reallocation is the essential monetary reaction to fiasco. Debacles have little effect on patterns in all out guide stre ams. Catchphrases: Disaster Impacts, Direct Economic Impacts, Indirect Economic Impacts, Intangible Economic Impacts. Put together by: Dr. A. PADMAVATHI, Guest Faculty, Department of MCA, S. V. U. C. C. M&C. S. , S. V. College, Tirupati-517502. Presentation: The monetary impacts of catastrophes are generally observed as physical harm to infrastructure.More regularly than not loss of salary through loss of exchanging action and the time taken to restore such action, especially for rural ventures, is neglected. The outcomes of expanded times of exchanging or creation down-time can bring about insolvency, constrained deal, business conclusion, loss of experienced specialists, a drained client base and populace shrinkage. These outcomes are exacerbated by network misfortunes bringing about a decrease in extra cash. The stream on through the calamity influenced network has been compared to the domino effect.It addresses the monetary outcomes of debacles on networks and incorporates a structure of financial recuperation standards just as systems to actualize those standards. In this distribution the term â€Å"economic† is utilized as for the expenses to the network brought about by the calamity while â€Å"financial† is utilized as for those plans planned for giving fiscal sources to help recuperation. The scope of financial impacts and outcomes on a fiasco influenced network is comparative with the particular idea of the occasion and the monetary socioeconomics of the influenced network Economic Consequences of Disasters:The financial impacts of fiascos can be destroying and boundless. At the point when catastrophes strike houses, organizations and network framework get harmed or pulverized and people’s occupations are incidentally and in some cases for all time disturbed. Physical harm is the most obvious financial effect of debacles. Be that as it may, the less obvious effects, for example, lost pay through being not able to exchange are similarly as huge and the outcomes regularly last longer than the physical harm (for instance, insolvency and business terminations). The stream on impacts through a network can be pervasive.The scope of monetary impacts and ramifications for a calamity influenced network fluctuate incredibly and rely upon both the idea of the occasion and the financial wellbeing of the network. It is additionally imperative to perceive that networks are assorted. Now and again, calamity influenced networks recoup and succeed, in others the unfavorable financial effect has a domino impact that spreads all through the network. What makes a few networks recoup and thrive and others decrease in the consequence of a calamity? What are key attributes of fiasco safe communities?These are significant inquiries and are basic to understanding the financial recuperation process. The standards and procedures recognized later in this report give a beginning stage to thinking about these inquiries. The monetary outcomes of debacles can be arranged in an assortment of ways. No single system will cover and endorse each conceivable effect a debacle may have. Every debacle has special attributes and thus in any endeavor to group these effects there will consistently be impacts that don't fit perfectly inside the classification.Nevertheless an arrangement system is a helpful guide or apparatus we can use to handle these issues. Practically all effects of catastrophes have a financial measurement, regardless of whether this monetary impact can't be estimated. Financial effects are normally isolated into two classes: substantial (those effects we can relegate a dollar incentive to) and impalpable (impacts which are not effortlessly communicated in money related terms). These effects are then additionally partitioned into immediate and roundabout effects. Direct effects are those that outcome from the physical obliteration or harm to structures, framework, vehicles and yields etc.Indirect impacts are because of the results of the harm or annihilation. Figure 1 shows the effects of debacles utilizing three fundamental classifications immediate, circuitous and immaterial. An elective methodology is to look at the effects of calamities as far as who or what is influenced. Three groupings are normal: * Public framework and network offices; * Business undertakings (business, modern, retail, administration, rural and so on); and * Residents and family units. Utilizing figure 1 and BTE Report 103 a short conversation of the immediate, circuitous and impalpable effects of calamities on every one of these three gatherings follows.FIGURE 1 THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF A DISASTER Culture and Heritage Clean up Infrastracture Intangible effects Health Aspects Death and injury I Indirect Impacts Business Disruption Disaster Impacts Direct Impacts Agriculture Commercial structures 1. Direct Economic Impacts: Public Infrastructure and Community Facilities: Lifelines, (for example, water and sani tation frameworks, power, gas, media communications and transport) are helpless against a wide range of debacles. Direct harm to life saver framework incorporates the quick physical harm (eg. oads split or washed away, annihilated electrical transformers, etc) and furthermore the harm which may take some time before getting noticeable (eg. quickened street crumbling because of the impact of water interruption under street asphalts). Open structures incorporate schools, kid care focuses, kindergartens, clinics, nursing homes, neighborhood focuses, houses of worship, amusement/workmanship/social focuses, historical centers, clubs, etc. Direct harm to open structures can likewise be thought of utilizing the separation into basic (eg. rooftops, dividers and so forth), substance (eg. urniture, floor covers and pro things like sound frameworks and works of art and so on) and outer (eg. Play area gear, pools and so on) harm. Business Enterprises incorporate business, mechanical, retail, ad ministration and horticultural business types. The monetary effect of debacles on rural undertakings is frequently rewarded independently from different business types. Basically anyway the effect on organizations can be seen as falling into 3 principle territories. * basic harm to structures, for example, shops,factories, plants, sheds, horse shelters, stockrooms, inns thus on.This incorporates harm to establishments, dividers, floors, rooftops, entryways, in-builtfurniture, windows and so on * substance harm to installations and fittings (eg. floor coverings), furniture, office gear, ranch hardware, records, item stock (completed fabricated items, works in progress and information materials), crops, pastures, animals and so forth and * outside harm, for instance, to engine vehicles and wall. Occupants and Households: The private area incorporates houses, pads, unit, apartments, etc. The separation of direct harm into basic (eg. rooftops, dividers and so on), substance (eg. furnitu re, floor covers and so on) and outer (eg. wimming pools, gardens and so on) is similarly helpful for this classification. 2. Backhanded Economic Impacts: Indirect effects are those that are brought about as a result of the occasion, however are not because of the immediate effect. Numerous backhanded effects are basic to people in general/network segments business, and family (for instance, disturbance and tidy up). Interruption impacts: The disturbance to the network, organizations and family units brought about by fiascos is inescapable. The monetary effect of interruption and its ramifications for network recuperation is frequently neglected, as financial recuperation can will in general spotlight on the exceptionally obvious direct physical damage.The following classifications list the regular types of disturbance applicable to every zone. Segment/Area of impact| Disruption Examples| Business| â€Lost or conceded creation (eg. fabricating, horticulture, administrations etc)â €Lost or conceded pay/exchange/deals/esteem included (eg. The travel industry administrators, retail dealers etc)â€Increased costs (eg. cargo, inputs, agistment)| Public administrations and networks| â€Transport (traffic delays, extra â€operating costs etc)â€Loss of PC controlled systemsâ€Loss of different life savers (eg. electricity)â€Governmen

Mind Body & Soul :: essays research papers

     Everyone has their own conclusions and convictions and can decipher data as they see fit. Both Bertrand Rusell and Richard Swinburne have communicated their perspectives on the subjects of the psyche soul and eternity. These are intricate regions of science and have their own thoughts of what the psyche and soul are and what there reasons for existing are.      Russell examined the irrevocability of Death. He contends that there can't be eternal life and that after the obliteration of our body’s that our recollections and character are pulverized too. He talks about the significance of dread when managing passing. He expresses this is the most grounded feeling and he likewise expresses that it is intuitive and organic and that it is valuable. He imagines that on the off chance that we genuinely had faith in future life that we ought to have no dread of death. I have a couple of sentiments about this subject. For one I believe that dreading demise can be furthering your potential benefit. For example I know individuals who have confidence in the great beyond yet they despite everything dread passing. Having this dread of death keeps them from doing any mischief to themselves. Additionally not recognizing what anticipates them in existence in the wake of death could cause this dread too. This additionally has to do with religions there are some that accept firmly that there is eternal life and that it is their predetermination to be with God.      Furthermore Russell discusses recollections and how after we pass on they do not exist anymore. I feel that he has not method of demonstrating this. I don't concur or differ with his hypothesis. I imagine that there are such a large number of approaches to record our recollections since they could generally exist. Our recollections and here and there even our character can be helped by and kept alive through our families relying upon how solid the ties are. Perhaps not the person’s whole recollections are kept however in any event a section. For example a great deal of journalists expounded on their genuine experience so we get a brief look at their life and through their works the recollections proceed.      On the other hand Swinburne talk about the connection between the mind and the spirit. He feels that once the cerebrum bites the dust that spirit does too. He thought of a relationship witch works admirably of summarizing how he feels â€Å"the soul resembles a light and the cerebrum resembles an electric light attachment.

Trashed

Biggest Landfill in the World Soon setting off to the will never again be a get-away alternative except if you don't plan to swim. There will likely be a tremendous measure of plastic and junk in the water. This is because of the Pacific rubbish vortex. The entirety of the plastic that has amassed throughout the years had either eended up in a landfill or in the sea. It is in any case, more probable that the rubbish has wound up in the sea. Junk that individuals simply hurl in the water winds up in the sea. Americans neglect to understand that waterways interface with bigger waterways which in the end prompts that onee fun extraordinary get-away spot.A junk vortex is a major lanfill of trash and plastic that winds up in the water. It is otherwise called a trash fix. Some of the time the vortex is difficult to see on the grounds that the materials sink down to the base of the sea floor. There has been considerably more trash put in the sea than a great many people figure it out. Until you really inquire about this seeing how much refuse winds up in the sea is absurd. â€Å"Because of its toughness and our expanded use in ongoing decades, researchers gauge that plastic makes up 60 to 80 percent of marine flotsam and jetsam around the world. ( â€Å"Trashing the Ocean. â€Å") This paper will additionally sum up what the pacific junk vortex is, depict the effects the garbage vortex has on the earth, talk about probably the greatest controvesies around this issue, and give my place of perspectives on the issue. A refuse vortex is an enormous zone of trash in the sea. This region of trash in the sea takes up a lot of room in the sea. â€Å" It is generally the size of Texas, containing roughly 3. 5 million tons of rubbish. â€Å" (â€Å"Trashing the Ocean†). This territory is so exceptionally huge that it can not be hidden.Sometimes the materials simply skim, yet then there are a few kinds of materials that sink into the water and are not truly obvious b y people. â€Å"The undertaking effortlessly detected a few kinds of plastic. Be that as it may, a bigger issue may sneak underneath the surface. †(â€Å"Giant Ocean-Trash Vortex Documented-A First 5). The vast majority of the garbage that has been found in the sea are things, for example, plastic containers, plastic packs, old family unit materials, and so on. There is something other than one waste vortex around the globe. â€Å"The Pacific Vortex isn’t the main one.The Atlantic and Indian sea, which have diverse ebb and flow designs, have plastic gyres of their own†(Walsh, Bryan 1). Around 10% of all the plastic delivered on the planet winds up in the sea. â€Å" Perhaps 10% of the 200 and sixty million tons of plastic delivered worldwide every year end up in the ocean a lot of it in the whirling flows of the North Pacific Gyre and other sea vortices. ( â€Å"Giant Ocean-Trash Vortex Documented-An initial 2) Plastic can not be separated so if there is noth ing done about it over some undefined time frame the sea will simply gather increasingly plastic. The greater part of our waste today is contained plastic. Plastic, which is produced using oil, is a material that the Earth can't process. All of plastic that has ever been made despite everything exists. â€Å" (â€Å"Trashing the Ocean. â€Å") If there is progressively plastic collected there will be more creatures in the sea that pass on. Nobody knows precisely when waste began turning into an issue in the sea or why it turned into an issue. The rubbish vortex has been known to slaughter a few creatures in the sea. The junk gets into the sea a couple ways.One of the manners in which that the garbage gets into the sea is by individuals tossing rubbish ashore and the downpour washing it into things, for example, sewers. There are a few distinct sizes of trash that have been tossed in the sea. â€Å"A single one liter beverages jug could separate into enough little sections to pla ce one on each mile of sea shore in the whole world. These littler particles are joined by the little pellets of plastic which are the structure wherein numerous new plastics are advertised and which can be lost adrift by the drum load or even an entire holder load. (â€Å"The Trash Vortex†). Not everything that are tossed in the sea are huge. â€Å"While enormous pieces are normal, the trash fix isn't an island of plastic, the group found on their 19-day undertaking in August. A great part of the flotsam and jetsam is as incalculable thumbnail-size pieces. †( â€Å"Giant Ocean-Trash Vortex Documented-A first†1) Sewers and waterways all lead to the sea. All the trash that winds up in the sewers in the long run end up into the sea. Another way that trash winds up in the sea is by us straightforwardly tossing things into the water.The junk vortex has an obscure effect on the network. There is an obscure effect on the network in light of the fact that relatively fe w individuals realize that this refuse exists in the sea. A portion of the individuals that know the rubbish vortex exist do what they can to help stop the issue. The junk vortex has an extremely negative effect on its condition. All the trash in the sea has slaughtered a few marine creatures. Flying creatures are biting the dust since they are confusing the garbage in the sea with nourishment and a creature can not process plastic materials. So this prompts the passing of a few marine creatures, for example, winged creatures and turtles.It has become such an issue to where there may not be numerous marine creatures if there is progressively plastic placed into the sea â€Å"In the sea, plastic waste amasses in whirling oceans of flotsam and jetsam, where plastic to the ocean life proportions are 6:1; where flying creatures and well evolved creatures are biting the dust of starvation and drying out with midsections loaded with plastics; where fish are ingesting poisons at such a ra te, that soon they will never again be protected to eat. â€Å" (â€Å"Garbage Patch. â€Å") There has additionally been an issue with the plastic due to an essiential natural compound called zooplankton.They have been discovering more rubbish in the sea than zooplankton and that isn't acceptable in light of the fact that zooplankton is fundamental to the biological system. Zooplankton are infinitesimal life forms that are significant in light of the fact that they feed the creatures in the water. Green growth is a sort of zooplankton. The rubbish in the water has additionally been known to assimilate natural contaminations which are there on purpose. At the point when they are gone it will be difficult to get more. Individuals won't understand the full impacts that this issue has until it turns into an exceptionally serious issue and prompts the passing of numerous marine animals.It can likewise turn into an extreme issue by affecting the manner in which we make some incredible memories at the sea shore or on a waterway trip. The junk vortex in the Pacific sea is a major issue predominantly in light of the fact that it is beginning to be significantly more refuse than is required. Junk in the sea can not be separated and it doesn't break down. â€Å"The very thing that makes plastic things helpful to buyers, their toughness and dependability, additionally makes them an issue in marine situations. †(â€Å"The Trash Vortex†). That implies that the creatures that eat the garbage will in the end die.That likewise implies that the quantity of marine creatures will diminish massively. That additionally implies that the rubbish will start to accumulate more awful than it is currently. That can likewise influence our water gracefully on the grounds that the water we drink on an every day needs to originate from some place. Our water must be kept clean or it could turn into an issue to the earth around us and the biological system. I accept that this issue doesn't need to remain an issue. The waste vortex can be taken care of over some stretch of time in the event that we as a whole work together to deal with the water.If we tidy up and reuse more the trash fix won't be as large as it is presently. The things we can do from our area are ensure that others reuse more and to ensure that we don't turn out to be separated of the issue by tossing things in bodies if water. There are a couple of associations that attempt to help by setting off to a portion of these territories and tidying up the land around them. It is difficult to tidy up once the plastic has floated to the base of the sea floor. The issue has not become an enormous issue yet, yet individuals have not started to take a gander at the long terms influences to the environment.If the issue doesn't stop I feel that it will assuredly turn into an issue. It will negatively affect the marine creatures. It is truly conceivable that if the issue doesn't show signs of improvem ent that we might be taking a gander at some future jeopardized species. Taking everything into account, there are such a large number of obscure things drifting in the sea you will be astounded at what individuals discover coasting in the sea â€Å"shoes, toys, packs, pacifiers, wrappers, toothbrushes, and containers too various to even consider counting are just piece of what can be found in this coincidental dump skimming halfway among Hawaii and San Francisco. (â€Å"Trashing the Ocean. †). The Pacific rubbish vortex is as yet an obscure secret. There are still things that researcher can not make sense of about this trash fix they are in reality despite everything attempting to make sense of the considerable number of subtleties. â€Å"Researchers are quick to figure out how the monstrous inundation of plastic pieces in ongoing decades influences zone creatures from bigger animals, for example, fish and flying creatures which swallow harmful plastic-to modest living bei ngs, for example, microbes and plankton.This plastic may likewise be facilitating intrusive microscopic organisms or different species scientists say†( â€Å"Giant Ocean-Trash Vortex Documented-A First 3). Waste vortex have been gradually slaughtering fowls and different kinds of creatures. This is something that should be halted as quickly as time permits in the event that we need to help spare our creatures and our property. Everybody can help in the process whether it is acknowledged or not. The land is something that ought not be underestimated. On the off chance that we need people in the future to have a land, at that point we must secure the land.Work Cited â€Å"Garbage Patch. † Think Beyond Plastic. â€Å"Giant Ocean-Trash Vortex Documented - A First. † National Geographic News. 28 Oct 2010 â€Å"Planet100: The Pacific Trash Vortex Explained. † Online Posting. Youtube, 7 June 2010. Silverman, Jacob. â€Å"Why is the universes greatest landfill i n

Paper On Production And Cost Analysis - Free Essay Example

Production and Cost Analysis Please read this article and answer the questions keeping in mind the information we have covered in the textbook: Fundamentals of Managerial Economics by Mark Hirschey (at least a good paragraph for each question) Article #1: Supersizing Hits Freight World By JENNIFER LEVITZ AUGUST 15, 2010, The Wall Street Journal When Kraft Foods Inc. packs trucks with weighty items such as jars of Miracle Whip and pouches of Capri Sun juice, 40% of the rigs must leave the loading dock partly empty to avoid exceeding federal truck weight limits. Kraft says those rules force it and others to make extra trips and spend more on fuel. Now, the Illinois food giant is part of a coalition of 150 companies lobbying Congress to allow trucks that are 20% heavier on U. S. highways. Supporters of the idea say truckers could pay an extra fee to offset road repairs. Some 19 Western governors wants Congress to allow for more giant trailers, like this triple tractor trailer. There is an arms race of sorts in the shipping industry—and it is prompting a backlash. Efforts are under way to supersize trucks, trains, and cargo ships as freight haulers look to move more goods in fewer trips. Driving the trend are rising fuel costs, an emphasis on reducing carbon footprints and capacity constraints created during the recession as freight movers scaled down, said Paul Bingham, managing director of transportation markets for the research firm IHS Global Insights. Road-safety officials say rigs are big enough now. Its insane, said Deputy Chris Rizzo, a truck inspector for Loudon County, Va. , of efforts to increase the weight limits set by Congress in 1974. I can actually feel bridges bouncing up and down when trucks go over them, he said. The heavier the truck, the more the bridge bounces. Earlier this year, California safety regulators were alarmed when a record-setting, 3. 4-mile train—two to three times the length of a typical freight train— rolled through Southern California. Witnesses dubbed it the monster train and posted videos online. It turned out to be a test by Union Pacific Corp. , which increased the length of its intermodal trains 15% in the first quarter, and was experimenting with an even longer train. Richard Clark, director of safety for the California Public Utilities Commission, said there was no otice of the experimental train, and the agency didnt realize it would be that long. We were surprised, he said. Longer trains raise concerns about blocked rail crossings, especially when emergency vehicles need to cross tracks, and about whether trains can safely make turns, he said. A Union Pacific spokesman said the company did make required federal notifications but in hindsight, we probably should have made the courtesy call to state agencies also. Union Pacific said the ultra-long train was a one-time test. But in an April earnings conference call, a company official said Union Pacific believes it can increase its average train length by another 10% to 15% in an effort to reduce fuel use and emissions as well as wear and tear on its tracks. Other railroads, including CSX Corp. , and BNSF Railway Co. , have also been running longer trains to improve efficiencies, these companies said. The big rigs that cruise the nations roadways may be getting not only heavier but longer. Separately from the companies that are pushing for higher weights, which include Kraft, Coca-Cola Co. and MillerCoors, a group of 19 Western governors are lobbying Congress to allow for more doubles and triples—multiple trailers hitched together than can span up to 120 feet—on Western highways. Currently, most interstates allow rigs no longer than 53 feet. In general, states can individually set limits on truck size and weight on state roads, but not for federal highways. The Western Governors Association says longer trucks would make it easier to haul goods across vast distances in the West, which could benefit the region economically. Doubles and triples typically have to bypass federal roads and stick to state roads, sometimes forcing them to take longer routes to their destination. The governors group estimates that miles traveled by heavy trucks could be cut by 25% with the use of more combos. Meanwhile, new cargo vessels as long as three football fields now ply the oceans and are expected to be frequent visitors to Eastern U. S. ports starting in 2014, with the completion of the widening of the Panama Canal, the primary shipping conduit between Asia and the East Coast. They are almost 25% longer and 35% wider than todays ships that use Eastern ports. Ports such as Savannah, Ga. , are starting to deepen channels in preparation, though residents arent as eager. Horrifying, really, really horrifying, Toby Bronstein, a retired advertising executive who lives in Caswell Beach, N. C. , said of the ships. They defy the imagination in terms of their size. Ms. Bronstein a nd other residents say the giant ships could change the character of coastal towns that rely on tourism. Ms. Bronstein and neighbors in coastal North Carolina recently successfully fought a megaport proposed for Southport, a city of 2,500 people. The North Carolina Ports Authority is now seeking another site for a $2 billion port big enough for the new ships. Congress this fall may considering changing the law that since 1974 has limited trucks to 80,000 pounds on interstate highways. A bill proposed by Rep. Michael Michaud (D. , Maine) would allow states to raise that limit to 97,000 pounds on interstates for trucks that have a sixth axle to compensate for the extra weight. The measure, which has an identical bill in the Senate, may be considered as part of Congresss reauthorization of the multiyear, $286. 5 billion surface transportation law whose funding ends Dec. 31. Under the higher weight limits, Kraft could load trucks more fully, reducing trucks used by 6%, saving 6. 6 million gallons of fuel and eliminating 73,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions annually, said Harry Haney, Krafts associate director of transportation planning. MillerCoors says it could transport 1. 31 million barrels of beer weekly on 7,420 trucks, a 25% reduction in rigs. Supporters say Canada, Mexico and countries in Europe adopted higher weight limits without ill effects. Among opponents are survivors of the 2007 Minneapolis bridge collapse, public-safety officials and some truckers. The Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association, whose members are concerned they would be forced to buy costly new rigs, said the stability of a rig is substantially reduced on bigger and heavier trucks. Railroads also are working against higher weight limits since bigger trucks could take business. Sen. Frank Lautenberg (D. , N. J. ) and Rep Jim McGovern (D. Mass. ) have filed legislation to ban bigger and heavier trucks. Jane Mathis of the Truck Safety Coalition, an Arlington, Va. , gro up comprising truck-crash survivors and victims families, said her son and his wife were killed by a tractor-trailer that crashed into their car. We dont need bigger trucks; we need safer trucks, she said in a statement supporting Sen. Lautenbergs bill. Questions: QUESTIONS: 1. Describe the trends in the trucking industry. What are the factors driving these trends? 2. Companies often use large batch sizes to achieve economies of scale. List the expenses that are reduced or removed by using large trucks. What are the expenses throughout the supply chain that are increased by using a large truck? Include expenses mentioned in the article, as well as other expenses that you suspect will be increased. 3. The article highlights the struggle between size and flexibility. Describe the trade-off between the size of a shipment and operations flexibility. Why is this important? Can this trade-off be quantified? How? 4. What impact might a large shipment have on quality? What about these large warehouses might make quality worse? Better? Why? 5. Is there a break-even point for the size of these trucks where the investment is not cost justified? Refer to the textbook, how would you set up an equation to calculate this break-even point? 6. The article provides an opportunity to discuss the waste involved in using large batch sizes. What is the waste that is introduced by having large batch size? How is this waste increased as the batch size becomes larger? What strategies might a manufacturer utilize to minimize or optimize batch sizes? Evaluate your own operation based on the business you are familiar with. What portions of your operation have grown so large that waste is inevitable? How can you reduce the waste in this portion of your operation? ***************************************************************************** In addition to these questions, please provide a 2-4 page Market Structure Analysis (https://www. oup. com/uk/orc/bin/9780199296378/01student/ additional/page_11. htm) for . Remember to discuss all relevant economic issues. Please cite all sources.

Wedding Planner Thesis - 3134 Words

CHAPTER 1 Rationale of the Study According to Toon van Beeck and George Van Horn (senior analysts in IBISWorld), the wedding business is a key revenue contributor to a diverse mix of local businesses. Weddings are customized, and therefore not prone to efficiency, and they often occur on an irregular timeline. In the face of rising demands for wedding planners, it is important to investigate one of the wedding businesses here in our country. While businesses normally experiences threats, the study was conducted to determine the solution of the business in responding to those threats. In lieu to that, this would help us researchers be cognizant to how a particular business operates and how they value customer relationships. Statement of†¦show more content†¦Another article excerpt compiled by Ellen Terrell entitled â€Å"Wedding Industry Research† states that the wedding industry is a large industry and it entails lots of reasons. First, it is made up of multiple smaller enterprises like caterers, wedding consultants, dresses, various beauty suppliers (hair, makeup), photographers, favors/bridesmaids gifts, music, honeymoon related, etc. Second, many of the smaller components like caterers, DJs, and photographers, wedding favors, invitations, etc. also do other events without necessarily breaking their business down into wedding versus non-wedding. And third, because some of the individuals and businesses that provide services and products may only work part-time on wedding-related services to supplement their income or out of friendship, there will either be a minimal charge or no charge at all. She added that services included in the said industry are: Dresses, Consultants, Food, Video graphy, Disc Jockey, Favors/Bridesmaid Gifts, and Destination Weddings. Competitor Analysis Existing Competitors: Debuts and I do’s - is an event planning company that provides hassle-free packages and event planner services for weddings, debuts and other social events in Cebu, Bohol, Tagaytay and Manila. Fame’s wedding Concepts and Events – they specialize not onlyShow MoreRelatedAn Enduring Challenge For The World Class Education System3315 Words   |  14 Pageswill provide the outcome of a respected standard of scientific methods. 3.1 Research Philosophy Research philosophy is an uncomplicated way of questioning in order to gather, analyze and use the data (Crossan, 2003). The philosophy of this thesis will comprise both positivists and naturalist tools for obtaining information (Rubin Rubin , 2012). 3.1. A Positivists This research requires the use of quantitative tools that accentuate measuring the gathered data (Rubin Rubin , 2012). ThisRead MoreResearch Paper-Manila Hotel3275 Words   |  14 PagesI. 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Poverty in Kenya, Africa - 868 Words

Poverty is one of the biggest problems that the world faces in present time. The poverty that takes place in more underdeveloped countries such as Kenya, Africa, is majorly affecting the citizens because of the diseases that are being spread throughout the entire state, the lack of medical supplies that is needed for each doctor, and unsanitary water and a very insufficient amount of food. The health and well being of the citizens of Kenya, Africa is horrific, many of the diseases that are spread are very severe which can sooner or later lead to death. With Kenya’s many water sources, Kenya has a high rate of water-borne diseases. Most of these water-borne diseases are not found in developed countries because of the sophisticated water†¦show more content†¦Although, rates of HIV and AIDS infection have slowed during recent years, it is still a major problem. Millions of families are impacted by these serious conditions and diseases making it hard for them. Either the government needs to help the citizens by investigating more into the problem and then help prevent it or more people are going to keep dying due to these severe diseases. A major factor in the recurring food crisis in Kenya, Africa is the lack of political will to make Kenya’s food more secure. Many of the reasons and causes of the food problem is the high prices which none of the Kenyans can afford and also their past president, Mwai Kibaki had failed to provide solutions to prevent for shortage and hunger. Instead famine and drought were declared as â€Å"national disasters† instead of the lack of food. Over ten million citizens of Kenya, Africa suffer from poor nutrition as well as persistent food insecurity. More then two million people require food assistance which is mostly always due to droughts and floorings that occur. 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Business Loyalty vs. Ethics

Question: Discuss about the Business Loyalty vs. Ethics. Answer: Conflicts of interest, personally experienced in personal or professional roles I work as a sale person in a retail store, where I have to sell things of the store to the people and once the things are being sold to the people, it is the rule of the store to not to return any item. I am well aware of this thing, and but there are few customers there, who offer me with extra money in the name of tip. In exchange, they want to return the thing that they have purchased and in this particular situation, I face the conflict of interest. Perceiving a potential conflict and the ways ensuring that this conflict does not lead to any unethical behaviour One of the most important ways to ensure that there is not any conflict is to follow the rules and regulation that is being laid by the organization. It is important to be straightforward and honest about the rules regulations that are being laid by the organizations, to the customers. It would help in arising less complicated situation and the customer too, understand that the responsibilities that needs to be carried out by a particular person. At times if taking decision or making a choice become a difficult thing then it is important to take the help of the superior, they could help in the best way possible (YouTube. 2016). Others conflicts of interest can affect how you or those you know were treated. In my retail store, a colleague of mine has a relationship, with one of the senior official of the organization. The particular relationship in his personal life had an effect on his professional life as well, because he was rewarded, even though the work carried out by him is equal or even at time inferior to us. The other employees too have to face this discrimination, which created resentment among them. Policies that the organizations could implement to try to reduce conflicts of interest or costs The organization could implement policies such as breach of trust, for those people, who utilize or rather, exploit their position and provide some advantages to the people (Thomas 2016). In such a case, legal action should be taken against those employees and this will reduce unethical things in the organization for fulfilling their interest (Drexler 2012). Personal Experience I had a group of friends during my school days and most of them, and in fact, all of them were shopaholic except for me. I remembered a time when my financial conditions were not that pleasant, at least for me, and spending money for shopping would be a luxury for me at that time. Still, to be in that group I had to shop and I had to confirm to other peoples notion. Yes, I regret about that today because I feel like that if I would not have done that then I would have probably save money for my future, for something that is fruitful for my career, and at the same time, I would have supported my parents as well. Cheating is Contagious There are certain incidents that come up every day or rather almost every day, which proves that cheating is there on every level of society. Even in the marital relationship, there are certain incidents, which provide us with a shock, because we do not except these things from a particular person. Slowly, we find out that it is the result of what is happening outside around, in the friend circle is affecting these people. Therefore, it can be said that the thing at times sounds true and it sounds true mainly because those people, who try to confirm to their friends and to that group where they belong, practice these things. Balancing Loyalty and Ethical Integrity It is true that it is difficult to choose between ethics and loyalty, and most of the time when people have to choose between these two things, the best thing that they should do is, go by the definition of loyalty. The definition of loyalty refers to the fact that a person can be loyal either to another person or to a cause (Amanet.org. 2010). Thus, although, it is difficult and need great strength to fight the friends one should try to fight for the goods of their friends and be loyal to the cause and not to anyone else (YouTube. 2016). Groupthink "Groupthink is something that occurs if there is any kind of pressure within a group, and the pressure allows an individual to confirm to those facts, even if that is unethical (Janis 2015). Yes, I have been subject to groupthink, when I for the first time, am enrolled myself in the college. During that time friends were often into drinking and I am someone who does not like drinking that much, although, I confirm to the group and drank with them, for which I regret now. Ethical Fading Ethical fading is a mechanism, where the intuition, sub conscious as well as self-deception help in disregarding the moral component or the ethical component of a particular action (Ethical Leadership from Andrew Leigh. 2016). Most of the time the ethical decisions are taking emotionally, but in case of ethical fading there is cognitive rationalization (YouTube. 2016). I myself has faced such a situation in my life when one day, I saw the pictures of child labour and the workers condition of people working in the factory of Nike, and in other companies such as, Nike, who are outsourcing workers from the developing countries. I knew everything, yet at the time of shopping, I forgot those pictures and those messages easily without much problem. Intentional Unethical Decision Yes, I have taken unethical decision to please the higher authority, and it happened when I was working in the retail store and I need to retain my job at any cost. Therefore, when my boss asked me to, manipulate the sales figure, I did that because I wanted to save my job. Later on, I felt bad for that because that was something that was done to manipulate the accounts of the company, which is beneficial for the company, but not that much beneficial for the people working in that company. Victim of Ethical Fading The case, which involves the selling of Daraphim at a very high price to the customer is such a case that cause trouble to them, is case of ethical fading, where the patients, who have to take this particular drug is the victim of ethical fading. Martin Shkreli, the CEO of Turin Pharmaceutical sold these drugs at a price of $750, when the previous price was $13.00 and thus, the patients who have to take these drugs are affected largely, although the thing was just business strategy for the company (Court 2016). The pharmaceutical company although, claimed that they will lower the prices of the drugs but then it will only be provided to the hospitals and only those who are hospitalize would enjoy the benefit of this particular drug (Duggar 2016). Thus, this particular section count for a very small proportion, and thus only a small section of the people are benefitted and most of the people has become the victim of this particular incident at the same time. References Amanet.org. (2010).Loyalty vs. Ethics: From the White House to the Workplace. Court, E. (2016).Heres why Daraprim still costs $750 a pill. MarketWatch. Drexler, D. (2012). The Huffington Post. Duggar, J. (2016).The role of integrity in individual and effective corporate leadership. 1st ed. Ethical Leadership from Andrew Leigh. (2016).Ethical fading: is it happening right under your nose?. Janis, I.L., 2015. Groupthink: the desperate drive for consensus at any cost.Classics of Organization Theory, p.161. Thomas, R. (2016).Conflict Management Systems: A Methodology for Addressing the Cost of Conflict in the Workplace. Mediate.com. YouTube. (2016).Conflict of Interest. YouTube. (2016).Conformity Bias. YouTube. (2016).Ethical Fading.